1337-1453+Hundred+Years'War

Brad & Ameer

1337-1453 || * The king of England wanted control of France. Edward III, seeing an opportunity to rule the temptingly weak France, made claim to barren throne through his mother (Eleanor), aunt to the recently deceased Charles IV. The French attacked Gastony and Bourdeaux, and soon, full hostilities were in effect.
 * **Event & Dates** || **Major Causes** || **Key Events** || **Key Outcomes for Analysis** || **Interesting POV's to consider** ||
 * Hundred Years War
 * The French were bitter over English control of Acquitaine, from which many precious resources could be derived- also unhappy over English control of the Flanders wool industry.
 * Phillip VI, French king at the beginning of the Hundred Years War, lended assistance to the Scots during their struggle against England, indirectly attacking them.
 * Phillip's own paranoia over Edwards admittedly legitimate claims for the French throne worried him.
 * The legacy and breakaway from the traditionally Norman kings of England, and the overthrow of French dominance of the English Monarchy. || * 1337-Breton War of Succession: conflict over control of the Duchy of Brittany- cover for a wider conflict breaking out between Britain and France.
 * 1346- Edward III inflicts a crushing defeat on the French forces at the Battle of Crecy.
 * 1356- Edward the Black Prince (son of Edward III) defeats John II (monarch after Phillip VI) at the Battle of Poitiers.
 * 1360- Treaty of Bretigny- Edward III would stop competing for the French throne in exchange for the restoration of Acquitaine to England.
 * 1360-1400-England seige numerous French cities, like Nantes. Edward III dies. Richard II succeeds him.
 * 1415- Henry V, primarily with the help of the English longbow, crushes the French at the Battle of Agincourt.
 * 1422- Henry V dies. His successor, Henry VI, is named king of both France and England.
 * 1428- The English seige Orleans.
 * 1429- Joan of Arc breaks the seige of Orleans.
 * 1430-1453- A number of English defeats and the English War of the Roses leaves England economically crippled. The war is generally thought to have ended in 1453. || * Military strategy revolutionized due to the invention of the longbow.
 * Military strategy revolutionized due to the invention of the pike battle line.
 * Shift of power from nobility to peasants-the common Yeoman now made up the bulk of military forces.
 * Bankruptcy of the monarchy contributed to the beginning of The War of the Roses.
 * England after this had decreasing interest in a non-national war.
 * The Hundred Years War and the Black Death contributed to the end of the serfdom, as theres simply weren't enough peasants left.
 * Destruction of the Feudal nobility in France mad monarchial authority more united with the emerging middle class.
 * England stops trying to be a continental power and instead focuses on Naval dominance. || * That of both French Valois (formerly Capetian) dynastic and English Plantaganet claims to the French throne. Although the English claim was more relevant, is it right for a king of England to also rule France?
 * English yeomanry: How do they deal with newfound military power?
 * English monarchy: King overturn much faster during this period, how does parliament and the nobility deal with this?
 * citizenry of France and England: decrease or increase in nationalism? Why? ||